Test Code LAB1870 LCHAD Sequencing
Clinical System Name
LCHAD/TFP (HADHA/HADHB) Sequencing
Synonyms
HADHA
HADHB
Long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency
Description
This test is appropriate for diagnostic confirmation in symptomatic individuals who have a presumptive diagnosis of LCHAD (Long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA deficiency).
Sequencing of the HADHA and/or HADHB gene is recommended for patients with a biochemical diagnosis of LCHAD or TFP deficiency, to provide molecular confirmation of the diagnosis. The most common pathogenic variant in isolated LCHAD deficiency is the p.E510Q (c.1528G>C) variant, accounting for an allele frequency of 87% in LCHAD deficient patients.
Full sequencing of HADHA and HADHB genes can be ordered sequentially or simultaneously, as appropriate.
Also offered: targeted variant analysis for sequence variants previously identified through clinical testing of a family member or research testing of the individual. Please provide copies of proband reports when requesting known mutation analysis for cases NOT performed by Seattle Children's Lab.
Sample Requirements
Note: For patients who have had a whole blood transfusion, wait 10 days post transfusion to draw for genetic testing. No wait time is necessary for blood or saliva collection if the patient received leuko-reduced red cells or plasma.
Specimen: Whole blood, cord blood
Container(s): Lavender/EDTA, Yellow/ACD A or B
Preferred Vol: 3 mL
Minimum Vol: 1 mL
Note: Heparin samples (Green tops) are unacceptable.
Specimen: Extracted DNA from EDTA blood
Minimum: 10µg
Note: : Isolation of nucleic acids for clinical testing must be performed in a CLIA-certified
laboratory or a laboratory meeting equivalent requirements as determined by the CAP
and/or the CMS. DNA concentration minimum 50 µg/mL; 260/280 ratio 1.70-2.00.
Specimen: Cultured cells
Acceptable: Fibroblasts
Container(s): T-25 flasks
Preferred Vol: 2 flasks
Specimen: Saliva collected using Oragene Dx OGD-575/675 collection kit.
Container: Oragene Dx OGD-575/675 collection kit
IMPORTANT NOTE: Manufacturer instructions must be followed. The Oragene Dx OGD575/675 kit is not for children under 6 months. Contact Lab Client Services for more information or to obtain a kit 206-987-2617, labclientservices@seattlechildrens.org
Processing Instructions
Reject due to: Heparin
Spin: No
Aliquot: No
Temp: Refrigerate
Storage location: Molecular Genetics box in CPA refrigerator #2
Off-site collection: Refrigerate blood samples until ready to ship. Transport all sample types at room temperature via overnight shipping.
Stability
Specimen Type | Temperature | Time |
---|---|---|
Cultured cells | Room temp | 3 days |
Whole blood, extracted DNA | Room temp | 3-5 days |
Whole blood, extracted DNA | Refrigerated | 7 days |
Extracted DNA | Frozen | ok |
Saliva, ORAgene Dx OGD-575/675 | Room Temp | 2 weeks |
Note: Whole blood samples > 7days may be submitted to be assessed by our lab for acceptability for testing.
Availability
STAT | Performed | TAT |
---|---|---|
Contact lab | Monday - Friday | 2-3 weeks |
Performing Laboratory
Seattle Children's Laboratory
Department
Department: Molecular Genetics Laboratory
Phone: 206-987-3872
Lab Client Services: 206-987-2617
Lab Genetic Counselor: LabGC@seattlechildrens.org
CPT Codes
Test | CPT |
HADHA full gene seq | 81406 |
HADHB full gene seq | 81479 |
HADHA targeted variant | 81403 |
HADHB targeted variant | 81479 |
Methodology
Method: Bi-directional sequencing of all exons and exon-intron boundaries
Limitations: This test will indentify >97% of sequence variants in the coding region and splice junctions. Pathogenic variants in the promoter region, large deletions, large duplications, or rare recombinant pathogenic variants may not be detected by this method.
Reference Range
Interpretive report will be provided
Requisition
Special Instructions
Please indicate on the requisition which gene(s) are requested and sequencing preference (simultaneous or sequential)
Links to: LCHAD E-Medicine Review Article; LCHAD OMIM Entry
Clinical Utility
Long-chain-hydroxy Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (LCHAD), and mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency (TFP) are disorders of long-chain fatty acid metabolism. They have overlapping clinical presentation that can include: feeding difficulties, lethargy, hypoglycemia, muscle weakness and liver dysfunction in infancy or early childhood. These symptoms are often triggered by prolonged fasting or viral infections. Muscle pain, breakdown of muscle tissue and peripheral neuropathy may occur later in childhood. These patients are at risk for complications such as life-threatening heart problems and sudden unexpected death. Carriers pregnant with affected fetuses can develop Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP).
The mitochondrial trifunctional protein consists of 3 enzymes that work together to metabolize long-chain fats. Most patients have isolated deficiency of the LCHAD enzyme caused by pathogenic variants in the HADHA gene. A small portion of patients have defects in all three enzymes, called TFP deficiency, which is due to pathogenic variants in the HADHA or HADHB gene.
Full sequencing of HADHA and HADHB genes can be ordered sequentially or simultaneously, as appropriate.