Test Code LAB2390 Breath Tolerance Bacterial Overgrowth
Clinical System Name
Breath Tolerance Bacterial Overgrowth
Synonyms
Glucose breath hydrogen
SIBO (Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth)
Lactulose breath hydrogen
Sample Requirements
Specimen: Breath
Container(s):
Preferred Vol:
Minimum Vol:
Note: Diabetic patients will have a fasting blood glucose collected and run before the procedure is started.
Availability
STAT | Performed | TAT |
---|---|---|
N | M, W, Th, day shift | 1 d |
Test must be scheduled with chemistry lab (206) 987-3860.
Performing Laboratory
Seattle Children's Laboratory
Department
Department: Chemistry
Location: Chem East
Phone Number: (206) 987-3860
CPT Codes
91065
Methodology
Method: Gas Chromatography
Analytical Volume:
Limitations:
Reference Range
An interpretation will accompany the report.
Description
This test is to detect bacterial overgrowth and must be scheduled in advance with the Chemistry Lab. (206)987- 3860. Patients must be off of antibiotics for two weeks and should fast for 12 h prior to test. A 6 h fast is acceptable for infants. An elevated fasting (baseline) breath sample can be seen with colonic fermentation or bacterial overgrowth.
The ordering provider should specify glucose or lactulose. If glucose is given, the test will last 2 hours; a lactulose challenge will last 3 hours.
Clinical Utility
Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO)/ Lactulose or glucose challenge:
1. Glucose is absorbed in proximal bowel; lactulose travels to colon.
2. Fermentation of the malabsorbed lactulose by bacteria in the small intestine results in elevated levels of breath H2 or CH4 in SIBO.
3. A rise of H2 > 20 PPM over baseline in the first 100 minutes of testing is potentially positive for SIBO.
4. A rise in H2 of > 20 PPM over baseline in samples collected after 100 minutes may be positive for SIBO in patients with slower transit times or chronic constipation.
5. Normal individuals may have a modest rise in hydrogen as the lactulose enters the colon, after 90 minutes.
6. Presence of methane gas may slow intestinal transit time; patients with methane predominant bacterial overgrowth are more likely to have constipation.
Reference:
Rezaie A, et al, Hydrogen and methane-based breath testing in gastrointestinal disorders: The North American consensus. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 2107;112:775-784.